Exercise 2 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs. A gerund is a verb ending in ing that functions as a noun. Use the gerund when like is used in the sense of enjoy. We had such a great time on that holiday that i forgot my broken heart. A gerund cannot be used in a sentence that doesnt have a main verb and the gerunds never use punctuations.
Divide students into three groups, ideally of three or four students. Gerunds vs infinitives 6 advanced gerunds vs infinitives exercise 7. Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb. Part 1 of the gerunds and infinitives tutorial explains what gerunds and infinitives are and how to begin using them in everyday english. Lets start with explaining what infinitives and gerunds are. Gerunds and infinitives exercise 2 perfect english grammar. Now that you know how these two elements can work in similar ways, its time to note an important difference in the gerundinfinitive equation. Simple, continuous and perfect infinitives and gerunds we use the perfect infinitive or the perfect gerund to emphasize that the action is complete or in the past. These verbs can be followed by either the gerund or the infinitive with a change in meaning. In the first, the use of a gerund functioning as a noun allows the meaning to be expressed. Complete exercises 11 20 to see if you understand what youve learned in parts 1 and 2. Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example.
Comparing gerunds, participles, and infinitives purdue. A word group based on a verbal is called a verbal phrase. Gerunds can also take complements direct objects, predicate nouns and modifiers adjectives, adverbs. Part 2 of the gerunds and infinitives tutorial discusses how to control gerunds and infinitives and start using them more like native english speakers. Complete exercises 1 10 below to practice what you have learned in part 1 before mov. How to teach gerunds and infinitives to esl students. Decide whether to use the infinitive with or without to. Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence. For more advanced levels of esl, this should be a simple, brief exercise that can be written on the. Inside our huge company, i liked working gerunds the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. Infinitive or gerund exercises in english intermediate. Passive to be seen such disgusting scenes are not to be seen here. Aug 26, 2019 verbs that are followed by other verbs can take either the gerund or the infinitive. You can tell that to dance is an infinitive because to precedes the word dance.
Gerunds and infinitives yuri was in his first year at university, studying history. The redcard holders write down verbs followed by gerunds. Jul 17, 2019 verbals include infinitives, gerunds also known as ing forms, and participles also known as ing forms and en forms. Gerunds a gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. Infinitive examples active to see i hope to see you again. He was rather a lazy student, and he tended to avoid work whenever he could. In this sentence, the words singing and laughing function as nouns, making them gerunds. Gerunds and participles are also compared and contrasted in a separate section of this handout because they can both end in ing but have different functions in a sentence. An infinitive is the base form a a verb, with or without to. Complete the following exercise with gerund or infinitive forms of the indicated verbs.
Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or. English learners have difficulty with gerunds and infinitives. In the english language, there are three basic types of verbals. To reinforce the differences between the gerunds, infinitives and progressive verb tenses, teachers need to provide an opportunity for students to identify each in sentences. In this post, i will help you understand when to use a gerund or infinitive to describe the purpose of someone or something in english, both gerunds and infinitives can be used to talk about the reason why we use or do something lets begin with an example. Instead, verbals function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. An infinitive is the basic or root form of a verb, typically preceded with to. Gerunds, participles, and infinitives in this handout, the three types of verbals are discussed.
A gerund is used as a noun, but is formed by adding an actionword with ing. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives to describe an action in many english sentences, a main verb is used to describe an action. Verbals include infinitives, gerunds also known as ing forms, and participles also known as ing forms and en forms. Exercise 3 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs.
To view and print this lesson, youll need to purchase a subscription. For more advanced levels of esl, this should be a simple, brief exercise that can be written on the board with the entire class participating. For this reason, here you have a deep explanation of all their uses. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Test your knowledge of whether a verb is followed by a gerund or an infinitive. Learn gerunds and infinitives with free interactive flashcards. Simple gerund vs perfect gerund there is usually no difference between using the simple gerund or the perfect gerund, because the context usually makes it clear when the action. When the infinitive or the infinitive phrase is used as a noun after verbs like hear, let, help, make, see and. In english, if you want to follow a verb with another action, you must use a gerund or infinitive.
Depending upon the verb and accompanying meaning, the object may be an infinitive or a gerund. Infinitives use to before the verb so the examples above would be to eat, to play, and to listen. It is made by adding to to the beginning of a verb. Its made up of the gerund running and the direct object marathons. Gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun in a sentence gerund the present participle ing form of the verb, e. Grammar gerunds and infinitives learning how to use gerunds and infinitives is one of the most challenging aspects of learning english. Use the objective case for pronouns that are subjects or objects of infinitives. The following guidelines and lists will help you figure out whether a gerund or infinitive is needed. Put the verb into either the gerund ing or the infinitive with to. Section 43c discusses verbs that are followed by infinitives, not gerunds. Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence i expect to have the results of the operation soon. Gerund and infinitive after verbs different meaning.
Gerunds and infinitives exercises put the bracketed verb into the appropriate gerund or infinitive form and identify which type. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. Have students identify gerunds, infinitives and progressive tense. Following are some lists of the most common combinations. Choose the correct answer for each gap below, then click the check button to check your answers. Passive infinitives and gerunds we use passive infinitives or passive gerunds to describe actions which are done to the subject. Feelsee hear watch someone do doing i heard him tell you about the letter. In the middle of the semester, his history professor gave out an assignment, due in two weeks. Click here to download this exercise in pdf with answers.
The explanation will be followed by two practice activities with these grammar forms. This handout provides a detailed overview including descriptions and examples of gerunds, participles, and infinitives. After submitting your answers, you will see how well you have done in the test. Both gerunds and infinitives can be subjects in sentences, and both gerunds and infinitives can serve as the object of a verb. Irregular verbs form their past participles in various ways for example, bend, bent. The three verbals gerunds, infinitives, and participles are formed from verbs, but are never used alone as action words in sentences. Gerund and infintive b1 pdf worksheets english practice. Gerunds, infinitives and participles tutorialspoint. Throughout this document, occasional example sentences with wording that might be considered nonstandard, ambiguous, or at least peculiar in formal writing are marked with an asterisk.
Whenienteredtheroom,ifoundmywifetocrying overthebrokenvasethathad. They can be used as a subject or an object of a sentence. In spirit but not in form this works a bit like portuguese personal infinitives, which are inflected for person but not tense, and which can serve as the object of a preposition. My grandmother stopped smoking when she felt some pain in her heart. Free interactive exercises to learn english online. Using gerunds and infinitives a gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting.
Verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives infinitives and gerunds1 often occur after verbs. A gerund is the ing form of a verb that functions the same as a noun. There was a smoking cigarette end in the ashtray 3. Gerunds and infinitives are a part of english grammar that many english learners find challenging. Section 43a discusses gerunds and infinitives used as subjects. Gerund the present participle ing form of the verb, e. Using gerunds and infinitives gerunds and infinitives are verb forms that can take the place of a noun in a sentence.
Following a verb gerund or infinitive both gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun as the object of a verb. This lesson focuses on the form and function of gerunds and infinitives. Apr 17, 2015 english learners have difficulty with gerunds and infinitives. Go to the main gerunds and infinitives explanation page here. Verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives complete these sixteen sentences to score your knowledge of gerunds and infinitives. Gerunds and infinitives exercises perfect english grammar. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do. This blog post is available as a convenient and portable pdf that you can take anywhere. Gerunds and infinitives exercise 1 perfect english grammar.
Bbc learning english quiznet infinitives and gerunds. Gerund it is a verb form which ends in ing and works as a noun in the following cases. Page 2 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do cloze exercise. Review charts and rules for gerunds and infinitives as needed. In this printable worksheet, the rules for using gerunds and infinitives will be explained in detail. Gerunds are formed by adding ing to the end of a verb. Explanationit is often difficult to determine how verbs arelinked to other verbs. Gerunds and infinitives learning how to use gerunds and infinitives is one of the most challenging aspects of learning english. Nov 10, 2016 gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun in a sentence. The infinitive is the form of the verb not changed for person, number or tense. Fill in the correct form of the verbs infinitive withwithout to.
Some verbs have different meanings when they are follwed by a gerund or an infinitive. Basic rules for gerunds and infinitives tru newsroom. Gerunds basiswissen landesbildungsserver badenwurttemberg. Through a variety of writing and speaking exercises, students learn when to choose a gerund or infinitive and when either choice is possible. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun. Exercise 4 in pdf here choose a gerund or infinitive when it changes the meaning. The ed form of a regular verb is its past participle. Complete the following sentences using a gerund or infinitive. January 17, 2015 fill in the blanks with gerunds or participles. She was cleaning the house and she stopped to get some rest. Choose from 500 different sets of gerunds and infinitives flashcards on quizlet. How to teach gerunds and infinitives to esl students without. Section 43d discusses meaning changes that depend on whether certain verbs are followed by a gerund or by an infinitive.
Each of these verbals is often part of a phrase, which includes related modifiers, objects, and complements. My english is pretty good, but sometimes i have trouble to understanding lectures at school. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets b1 gi001 english practice. Gerunds and infinitives complex forms test english. Section 43b discusses verbs that are followed by gerunds, not infinitives. Implied in this sentence is the verbal phrase, that has been preceding the verbal, broken. Both can be used as the subject or object of a sentence. English practice downloadable pdf grammar and vocabulary worksheets.
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